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Throughout human history, the desire to communicate in secret has driven some of the most brilliant minds to create increasingly complex systems of hidden language. Generals encoded battle plans, ...

IIIF provides researchers rich metadata and media viewing options for comparison of works across cultural heritage collections. Visit the IIIF page to learn more. Edward Hebern of California designed ...

The theory that statesman and scientist Francis Bacon was the ghostwriter behind Shakespeare, and embedded the Bard's plays with ciphers, had a major influence on modern cryptography. William F.

The arena of creating secure environments in the hardware and software industries is somewhat shrouded in mystery and misunderstanding. Certainly, some types of ciphers are relatively straightforward ...

FORT HUACHUCA, Ariz. -- When Ralph Van Deman established the War Department's intelligence organization shortly after the United States entered World War I, he was faced with the daunting task of ...

You could do worse than to confuse the meanings of "code" and "cipher"—even cryptographers sometime use the terms as though they had the same meaning. There is, however, a definite distinction between ...

Sam Blake, an Australian mathematician, first learned of the Zodiac Killer’s unsolved ciphers — a series of encrypted messages — from a documentary in the 1990s. His interest marginally increased in ...

In Part I, you broke a simple cipher. Now try creating a more complex cipher. Cut out the NOVA Decoder Ring and NOVA Cipher Code Ring and the window marked INDEX. You are now going to put this simple ...