The greatest tools in history do more than solve common problems. They redefine and reshape humanity. The wheel provided us with motion, the printing press with freedom of thought, and the microchip ...

On Oct. 3, 1950, three scientists at Bell Labs in New Jersey received a U.S. patent for what would become one of the most important inventions of the 20th century — the transistor. John Bardeen, ...

In her groundbreaking trilogy, “Women Scientists in America,” she told the stories of numerous accomplished but largely invisible women. By Penelope Green Margaret W. Rossiter, a historian whose ...