Different atoms and ions possess characteristic energy levels. Like a fingerprint, they are unique for each species. Among ...

Researchers probed the transit of cations across a nanopore membrane for the generation of osmotic energy. The team controlled the passage of cations across the membrane using a voltage applied to a ...

Ion exchange separates components in a sample depending on their relative ionic strengths and interaction with the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a charged substance that selectively ...

The electric vehicle (EV) industry ended 2025 with a major shift. Sodium-ion batteries, long viewed as a secondary technology, have now become a serious contender in the EV battery race. Two major ...

Given the limited supply and high price of battery-grade lithium and other advanced battery materials, alternative battery chemistries are being researched. Some avenues, such as sodium-ion batteries, ...