Deep neural networks (DNNs) extract thousands to millions of task-specific features during model training for inference and decision-making. While visualizing these features is critical for ...

In the era of big data, numerous science and engineering disciplines use dimensionality reduction to obtain lower-dimensional representations of complex physical systems with many degrees of freedom 1 ...

While artificial intelligence (AI) has made remarkable achievements in domains like image recognition and natural language processing, it encounters fundamental challenges when trying to deal with ...