The Russian economy has shown resilience during the three years of war in Ukraine and Western sanctions. However, as the war approaches its fourth year, the economy faces major challenges with key economic policymakers at odds on how to address them.

Since Moscow’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Russia’s economy has surpassed expectations. But some experts say this image of resilience is a mirage crafted by the Kremlin.

Some analysts have likened Russia’s current economic situation to being “on steroids,” while others compare its rapid yet unsustainable growth to “running on cocaine.” According to CNN, Russia may soon experience the painful crash after the party.