The siege of Vienna in 1683 marked a pivotal moment in European history as the advancing Ottoman forces, led by Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha, attempted to capture the Habsburg capital and expand their empire into Central Europe. The city’s staunch defense was dramatically bolstered by the timely arrival of a relief force under Polish King John III Sobieski, whose decisive cavalry charge and coordinated attacks helped break the Ottoman encirclement. This dramatic turning point not only repelle